血小板輸血による血小板輸血
David F Stroncek1, Paolo Rebulla
1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1184, USA. dstroncek@cc.nih.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|August 7, 2007
まとめ
血小板輸血は様々な疾患の治療に不可欠ですが,感染症や免疫反応などのリスクがあります. このレビューは,輸血の安全性と有効性を向上させるための血小板の構成要素,修正,および実践をカバーしています.
科学分野:
- 血液学 ヘマトロジ
- 輸血医学とは
背景:
- 血小板輸血は,がん,血液学的悪性腫瘍,髄機能不全,幹細胞移植の治療に不可欠です.
- 米国とヨーロッパでは毎年440万件以上の血小板製品が輸血されています.
- 利益にもかかわらず,血小板輸血は,感染症の伝播や,アルイムニゼーションのような免疫反応を含むリスクを伴います.
研究 の 目的:
- よく使用される血小板成分と製品修正の見直しを行う.
- 現在の輸血慣行とその変異について議論する.
- 血小板輸血に関連する有害な結果について概要を述べる.
主な方法:
- 血小板の成分,改変,輸血に関する文献のレビュー.
- 輸血の徴候,投与量,および免疫受給者の管理の分析.
- 副作用および合併症の検査.
主要な成果:
- 血小板成分にはいくつかの種類があり,輸血合併症を軽減するために修正が可能である.
- 指示や用量を含む輸血の慣行は,地域によって著しく異なります.
- アロ免疫は依然として重要な課題であり,輸血の有効性に影響を与えています.
結論:
- 血小板の成分,改変,実践を理解することは,輸血治療の最適化に不可欠です.
- 輸血プロトコルの変異に対処し,アロ免疫を管理することで,患者のアウトカムを改善することができます.
- 血小板輸血の安全性と有効性を高めるために,さらなる研究と慣行の標準化が必要である.
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