20世紀の産業によるブラックカーボン排出が北極の気候を変えて,北極の気候を強制した
Joseph R McConnell1, Ross Edwards, Gregory L Kok
1Desert Research Institute, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV 89512, USA. Joe.McConnell@dri.edu
まとめ
グリーンランドの氷の核における黒炭素 (BC) の堆積は,重要な歴史的変化を明らかにしている. 産業の排出は,BC濃度と北極の雪の気候強制を1800年代半ばから劇的に増加させた.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- 古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 燃焼によるブラック・カーボン (BC) は,大気の性質と雪のアルベドに影響を及ぼします.
- BCの過去の排出量および堆積量のデータは限られている.
- 過去の気候変動におけるBCの役割を理解することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- グリーンランドのBCの歴史的排出と堆積を再構築する.
- バイオマス燃焼と産業活動がBC濃度に及ぼす影響を調査する.
- 北極の雪のアルベドと気候強制に対するBCの影響を定量化するために.
主な方法:
- グリーンランドの氷の核におけるBC,バニル酸,および海塩以外の硫黄の分析.
- 1788年から現在までの氷芯データです.
- BC堆積から生じる地表気候強制力の推定.
主要な成果:
- グリーンランドの降水量のBC濃度は,1788年以来大幅に変化した.
- 1850年ごろから始まった工業排出は,BC濃度,特に冬に7倍に増加した.
- ピークBC強制 (1906-1910) は,工業化以前のレベルより8倍高かった.
結論:
- ボレアル森林の火災と産業活動が,歴史的にグリーンランドのBC堆積に影響してきました.
- 工業化により,BC濃度が大幅に増加し,北極の気候が強制的に変化しました.
- BCの堆積は,北極の気候に著しく,歴史的に変動する影響を及ぼしてきました.
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