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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short distances...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

量子カスケードレーザーは,

J Faist, F Capasso, D L Sivco

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |April 22, 1994
    PubMed
    まとめ
    この要約は機械生成です。

    研究者らは,量子カスケード構造を用いた新しい半導体注射レーザーを実証した. この量子カスケードレーザー (QCL) は赤外線を放射し,さまざまなアプリケーションの調節可能な波長を提供します.

    さらに関連する動画

    20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
    10:17

    20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

    Published on: July 12, 2017

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

    Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
    12:19

    Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

    Published on: April 4, 2017

    20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
    10:17

    20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

    Published on: July 12, 2017

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    科学分野:

    • 固体物理 固体物理学
    • 量子エレクトロニクス 量子エレクトロニクス
    • 半導体デバイス 半導体デバイス

    背景:

    • 従来型のダイオードレーザーは,波長の調節性と電力の限界があります.
    • バンド構造工学と分子ビームエピタキシにより,新しい半導体デバイスの設計が可能になります.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 量子構造に基づいた新しいタイプの半導体注入レーザーを実証する.
    • エンジニアリング量子井戸を使用して,中赤外線領域でレーザー作用を達成するために.

    主な方法:

    • 量子半導体構造を成長させるために分子ビームエピタキシを利用する.
    • 制御された電子移行のためのエンジニアリングされたバンド構造を持つヘテロ構造の設計.
    • 結合量子井戸のトンネリングを通じて人口逆転を達成する.

    主要な成果:

    • 4.2μmで動作する半導体注入レーザーを実証しました.
    • パルス操作で8ミリワットを超えるピークパワーを観測した.
    • 値以上のスペクトル狭窄によるレーザー作用が確認された.

    結論:

    • 実証された量子カスケードレーザーは,半導体レーザーとは根本的に異なるアプローチを提供します.
    • 中赤外線からサブミリメートル波までの波長調節性は,同じ材料システム内で達成できます.
    • この技術は,特定の赤外線波長を必要とするアプリケーションに期待されます.