臆病な二弁動物たち

R G Reid, F R Bernard

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 9, 1980

まとめ

新たに発見された海洋双valve,Solemyaは,消化管がない. この腸なしのバイバルは,溶けた有機物質を海洋水から直接,その特殊なを通して吸収している可能性が高い.

科学分野:

マリン・バイオロジーマリン・バイオロジー
無脊椎動物動物学
バイバルブ生理学

背景:

プロトブランク型二valve属ソレミヤは,海洋環境に住んでいます.
双弁生物の栄養戦略は様々で,一部はフィルター餌,一部は化学共生または吸収に依存している.
腸の存在または欠如は,生物の栄養と消化メカニズムに大きな影響を与えます.

研究の目的:

東北太平洋のソレミヤ属の双valveの新しいベンティック種を記述する.
新たに発見されたこの腸なしのバイバル種の栄養メカニズムを調査するために.
消化器系がない場合の栄養吸収をサポートする生理学的適応を決定する.

主な方法:

新しいソレミヤ種の形態学的および解剖学的検査.
細胞構造と酵素活性を特定するために臓組織の組織学的分析.
栄養素吸収能力の生理学的評価.

主要な成果:

プロトブランク型二valve属ソレミヤ (Solemya) に属する新しいベンティック種が,北東太平洋で確認されました.
この種には,腸と,内部または外部の消化酵素装置が全くありません.
大規模で,血管がよく形成されたシリアによって清掃され,リン酸塩を含有するクテニディアス・ラメラは,溶解した有機分子を吸収する主要な場所として提案されています.
関連種であるソレミヤ・ボレアリス (Solemya borealis) も,腸なしの形態を示している可能性がある.

結論:

新しく記述されたソレミヤ種は,ベンティック環境での無腸の存在に極端な適応を示しています.
この種の栄養素の獲得は,高度に適応した状構造を通して溶けた有機物の直接吸収によって達成される.
この発見は,海洋双弁生物の栄養多様性と生理学的可塑性についての理解を広げています.

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