1974年11月のストラトスフィアの塵-エアロゾールイベント

A B Meinel, M P Meinel

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 2, 1975

まとめ

グアテマラの火山デフエゴの噴火に起因したと思われる平流層の塵とエアロゾール層は,1974年11月に米国南西部の空に異常な色彩をもたらした. この現象は,昼間の空と夕暮れの輝きを通して観察されました.

科学分野:

大気科学大気科学
火山学火山学とは
リモートセンシング (リモートセンサー)

背景:

1974年11月中旬のバヤ・カリフォルニア州とアリゾナ州南部で,青白色の昼空や色鮮やかな夕暮れの輝きを含む異常な大気光学現象が観測されました.
これらの視覚的なヒントは,通常,重要な火山噴火と関連しており,物質を平流層に注入しています.

研究の目的:

1974年11月に米国南西部で観測された塵とエアロゾール層の起源と性質を調査する.
観測された光学現象に起因する大気粒子物質の源を決定する.

主な方法:

昼の空と夕暮れの輝きに関する視覚的観測の分析.
衛星による赤外線観測を用いて大気現象を追跡する.
潜在的な情報源を排除するために,他の観測レポートとのクロス参照.

主要な成果:

20キロメートルの高さで,塵とエアロゾールの明確な層が特定されました.
粒子状物質の海洋起源は,衛星やその他のデータによって排除されました.
観測された現象は,火山噴火のタイミングと場所と強く相関していた.

結論:

1974年11月にバジャ・カリフォルニア州とアリゾナ州南部に発生した塵とエアロゾール層は,1974年10月にグアテマラの火山デ・フエゴが噴火した結果だった可能性が高い.
火山噴火のエアロゾールは,広大な地理的地域における大気光学に大きな影響を与える可能性があります.

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