まとめ
トウモロコシ畑からの酸化窒素 (N2O) の排出は,特に肥やしや灌後に顕著です. これらの発見は,農業管理のためのN2O土壌排出量の理解の重要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
- 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 酸化窒素 (N2O) は強力な温室効果ガスである.
- 農業用土壌からのN2O排出量を理解することは,環境管理にとって極めて重要です.
- トウモロコシ (Zea mays L.) の栽培は,N2Oを放出する可能性のある主要な農業慣行です.
研究 の 目的:
- コロラド州北部の典型的なトウモロコシ畑から発生する窒素酸化物 (N2O) の排出量を1978年の生育期中に定量化するために.
- 肥やされた土壌からN2Oの損失に貢献する重要な時期とプロセスを特定する.
- N2O流動密度を推定するための異なる方法を比較する.
主な方法:
- 成長期間のN2O排出量のフィールド測定.
- 肥やし,灌イベントを含む土壌状態のモニタリング.
- マイクロ気象学的技術とフクロス推定のための土壌カバー方法を使用します.
主要な成果:
- 総N2O排出量は約2.6kgN/haで,施用された肥料窒素の1.3%を占めています.
- 大量のN2O損失 (30%) は,窒素化過程で受精後に発生しました.
- 最初の灌の後に発生した主要な排出ピーク (59%) は,低酸素条件下での脱窒化によるものです.
結論:
- 施肥と灌は,トウモロコシ生産におけるN2O排出の重要な要因である.
- ニトリフィケーションとデニトリフィケーションは,N2Oの放出に影響を与える土壌の重要なプロセスです.
- マイクロ気象学および土壌覆い法により,空間的および時間的な変動性にもかかわらず,N2O流量の比較可能な推定値が得られます.
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