関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 24, 2026

06:56
Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
Published on: May 23, 2017
まとめ
日本のR&D支出データは,技術の多様化パターンを明らかにしています. 政策はこの多様化を加速し,電子産業は下流,化学産業は水平的なパターンを示しています.
科学分野:
- イノベーションの経済学
- 産業組織 産業組織 産業組織
- 科学・技術政策 科学・技術政策
背景:
- 技術の多様化を測定することは,業界の動態を理解するために不可欠です.
- 既存のデータベースには,多くの場合,製品分野における研究開発 (R&D) 支出に関する細かい詳細が欠けている.
研究 の 目的:
- 詳細な日本のR&Dデータベースを使用して技術多様化を測定する.
- セクターの多様化パターンを特定する (アップストリーム,ダウンストリーム,水平).
- 企業や政府の政策が技術多様化に及ぼす影響を検証する.
主な方法:
- 日本のデータベースを利用して,国内の研究開発支出を31の製品分野に分割した.
- アップストリーム (インプット),ダウンストリーム (アウトプット) および水平 (非インプット-アウトプット) のパターンに分類された多様化.
- エレクトロニクスと化学部門を含む,業界特有の多様化戦略を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 電子産業は下流の多様化を示し,化学産業は水平の多様化を示している.
- 衰退する産業は,上流の多様化に従事する傾向があります.
- 日本の企業と政府の政策は,技術の多様化を著しく加速させた.
結論:
- 技術の多様化パターンは,業界によって大きく異なります.
- 政府と企業の政策は,R&Dの多様化戦略の形成に重要な役割を果たします.
- これらのパターンを理解することは,効果的な産業・イノベーション政策に不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Spindle Assembly
Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
Mechanical Efficiency of Real Machines
The mechanical efficiency of a machine is a fundamental concept that describes how effectively a machine can convert input work into output work. According to this concept, the efficiency of a machine is equal to the ratio of the output work to the input work. An ideal machine, meaning a machine that has no energy losses, has an efficiency of one. This implies that the input work and the output work are equal.
However, in reality, no machine can be truly ideal, and all of them experience some...
However, in reality, no machine can be truly ideal, and all of them experience some...
Design Example
The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
Steel Manufacturing
Steel manufacturing is a multi-stage process that begins by smelting iron ore into cast iron in a blast furnace. This initial stage involves layering iron ore with coke, a type of fuel, and crushed limestone within the furnace. The coke is ignited with a high volume of air, leading to the creation of carbon monoxide, which acts to reduce the iron ore to pure iron.
During this smelting process, limestone plays a crucial role by forming slag. Slag captures impurities within the molten iron, such...
During this smelting process, limestone plays a crucial role by forming slag. Slag captures impurities within the molten iron, such...
Multiple Pipe Systems
Multipipe systems consist of complex configurations of interconnected pipes designed to transport fluids efficiently across intricate networks. They are essential in engineering applications requiring precise control over flow distribution, pressure, and head loss. They are categorized into series, parallel, loop, and network configurations, each distinguished by unique flow characteristics and applications.
Series Configuration
In a series configuration, fluid flows sequentially from one pipe...
Series Configuration
In a series configuration, fluid flows sequentially from one pipe...
Differential Staining Technique
Differential staining is an essential microbiological technique that exploits variations in cell wall structures to classify and identify microorganisms. It facilitates the distinction of bacteria, aiding in diagnostic and research applications. Two of the most widely used differential staining methods are Gram staining and acid-fast staining, both of which rely on the chemical and structural differences in bacterial cell walls.Gram Staining TechniqueGram staining differentiates bacteria by...

