まとめ
アグロバクテリア (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) とは
科学分野:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- 微生物遺伝学 微生物遺伝学
- 遺伝子工学 遺伝子工学とは
背景:
- Agrobacterium tumefaciensは,その腫瘍誘発性 (Ti) プラズミドを通じて,植物における冠病を引き起こす.
- Tiプラズミッドには2つの重要な領域があります:腫瘍形成のための転送DNA (T-DNA) と,腫瘍発達のウイルス性領域です.
研究 の 目的:
- 植物遺伝改変のベクトルとしてのTiプラズミッドの可能性を調査する.
- 遺伝子転送アプリケーションのためのTiプラズミドの改変を探求する.
主な方法:
- Tiプラズミッドの腫瘍誘発および毒性の領域の分析.
- 異種DNAを挿入することによってT-DNA領域の改変.
- Tiプラズミドから腫瘍を引き起こす遺伝子を除去する.
主要な成果:
- T-DNA領域の植物ゲノムへの移転能力は,外来DNA挿入によるサイズ増加後でも保持されます.
- 腫瘍を引き起こす遺伝子の除去は,正常な植物成長と微分化を可能にします.
- 改造されたTiプラズミッドは,遺伝子転送ベクトルとしての可能性を示しています.
結論:
- Tiプラズミッドは,植物に外来遺伝子を転送するための機能ベクターに設計することができます.
- このアプローチは,病気の症状を誘発することなく,遺伝子組み換え植物の開発を容易にする.
関連する概念動画
Transgenic Organisms
Overview
Non-nuclear Inheritance
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
Plant Tissue Culture
Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
Non-nuclear Inheritance
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
Transgenic Organisms
Overview
Transgenic Plants
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...


