まとめ
ペンシルバニア時代の花粉の粒の中に化石化したキトリドのような真菌が発見されました. これらの古代の真菌は,重要な生殖構造を示しており,現代のチートリディアレスとの初期の進化的つながりを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- パレオミコロジー (古生物学)
- パレオボタニーは古植物学です.
- 化石真菌は化石の真菌である
背景:
- 初期の真菌の化石記録は稀で,特に微小な生物に関するものです.
- 菌類の進化を理解するには,古代の植物構造に保存された微生物を調査する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- ペンシルバニア時代のサッカート花粉で見つかったキートリッドのような新しいキノコのスポランギアを記述し,分類する.
- 形態学的特徴に基づいてこれらの化石真菌の系統遺伝関係を推論する.
主な方法:
- ペンシルバニアの層からの化石化したサッカート花粉の粒子の顕微鏡検査.
- 根茎と排出構造を含む真菌スポランジアの詳細な形態学的分析.
主要な成果:
- 化石花粉内のエンドバイオティックとエピバイオティックキトリドのような真菌スポランギアの両方の識別.
- 排泄パピラや粗いリゾミセリウムなどの診断特徴の観察.
- 疑いのあるゾオスポアに火折れ体の存在が確認され,これはチートリディアレスに起因していることを示している.
結論:
- 記述された化石真菌は,キートリッド類の生物の初期の発生を表しています.
- 形態学的類似性は,現存する秩序である Chytridiales. との系統遺伝的関係を強く示唆している.
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