まとめ
50日目の幼児は形状の安定性を示しています. この能力は,早期に存在し,知覚された形状とオブジェクト指向を相関させることにのみ依存するものではありません.
科学分野:
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
- 幼児の知覚 幼児の知覚
背景:
- 形状の定常性とは,方向の変化にもかかわらず,物体の真の形状を認識する能力です.
- 幼児期における形状定常性の発達軌道を理解することは,認知発達の研究にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトの乳児における形状不変の存在と発達の発生を調査する.
- 初期の形状の定常性が,認識された形状と方向情報の統合に依存しているかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 50~60日間のヒト乳児を対象に3つの実験が行われました.
- 幼児の視覚的刺激に対する反応を評価するために,さまざまな方向性を有する行動観察法が採用されました.
主要な成果:
- 最初の実験では,50~60日目の乳児は形状の定常性という能力を持っていることが示された.
- 2番目の実験では,この発見が確認され,この初期の能力は,知覚された投射形状と知覚された方向性を相関させることによって達成されないことを示しました.
結論:
- 人間の乳児は,非常に初期の発達段階 (50-60日) で形状の安定性を示します.
- 幼児期における形状定常の基本的メカニズムは,形状と方向のシグナルの複雑な統合を伴わないかもしれません.
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