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関連する概念動画

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects01:29

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects

Non-stoichiometric defects refer to a type of defect in the crystal structure of a compound where the ratio of its constituent elements deviates from the ideal stoichiometric ratio. There are two main types of non-stoichiometric defects: metal excess defects and metal deficiency defects.Metal excess defects occur when there is a slight surplus of metal ions than what is required by the stoichiometric ratio of the compound. For example, heating a sodium chloride crystal in sodium vapor results...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
12:20

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers

Published on: October 5, 2013

ヘマタイト:固有の,そして欠陥の鉄磁性.

D J Dunlop

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |August 28, 1970
    PubMed
    まとめ

    ヘマタイトの欠陥鉄磁性は,構造的に敏感であり,部分的な消磁化によって消去することができます. この発見は,細粒子のヘマタイトと赤色沈殿物を用いた正確な古磁気学の研究に不可欠です.

    科学分野:

    • 地質物理学と地化学で,岩石磁気と古磁気学に焦点を当てています.

    背景:

    • ヘマタイトには2種類の鉄磁気性があります:内在性 (スピンカント) と欠陥性鉄磁気性.
    • 欠陥フェロマグネチズムは,ストレスや加熱によって引き起こされる構造変化に敏感であり,誤った古磁気データにつながる可能性があります.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 微細粒子の血岩と赤色沈殿物の欠陥鉄磁性の磁性特性を調査する.
    • 欠陥残存の磁気的振る舞いを,内在のスピン・カンテッド残存と比較する.
    • 欠陥残留物の脱磁化技術に対する感受性を判断する.

    主な方法:

    • 焼却の実験は,細粒子のヘマタイトと赤い堆積物で実施されました.
    • 磁気特性,特に残留は,解熱前と後の分析が行われました.
    • 異なる磁気コンポーネントの安定性を評価するために,部分的な消磁化技術が適用されました.

    主要な成果:

    • 解熱実験では,微細粒子のヘマタイトと赤色沈殿物の欠陥残留は,スピンカントの残留よりも磁気的に柔らかいことが明らかになった.
    • 単一結晶とは異なり,これらの材料の欠陥残留は,部分的な消磁化によって効果的に消去できます.
    • これは,細粒子の天然サンプルと単一ヘマタイト結晶の間の磁気行動の有意な違いを示しています.

    さらに関連する動画

    Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
    09:06

    Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

    Published on: March 24, 2019

    Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition
    10:45

    Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition

    Published on: February 5, 2022

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
    12:20

    Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers

    Published on: October 5, 2013

    Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
    09:06

    Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

    Published on: March 24, 2019

    Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition
    10:45

    Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition

    Published on: February 5, 2022

    結論:

    • 微細粒子の赤血岩と赤色堆積物における欠陥残留の磁気的に柔らかい性質は,古磁気学的な解釈に重大な意味を持つ.
    • 部分消磁は,欠陥鉄磁性から生じる偽磁気信号を識別し,除去することができます.
    • これらの磁気特性を理解することは,地質学的記録から信頼できる古磁気情報を得るために不可欠です.