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関連する概念動画

Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete01:16

Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by a...
Elasticity in Concrete01:20

Elasticity in Concrete

Upon subjecting concrete to moderate or high uniaxial compressive or tensile stresses, the strain response is non-linear relative to the stress applied. As the stress is removed, the resulting stress-strain curve deviates from the original path traced during loading, creating a hysteresis loop, indicative of the concrete's non-linear and non-elastic properties. Typically, a material's modulus of elasticity, which is a measure of the material's stiffness, is inferred from the linear portion of...
Bulk Modulus01:21

Bulk Modulus

The bulk modulus is a scientific term used to describe a material's resistance to uniform compression. It is the proportionality constant that links a change in pressure to the resulting relative volume change.
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth01:21

Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth

According to Newton's law of gravitation, the gravitational force on a body is proportional to its mass. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration produced by an external force is inversely proportional to the force. Hence, the acceleration of an object under an external force of gravitation is independent of its mass.
The acceleration of an object close to the Earth, because of the Earth's gravitational pull, is called the acceleration due to gravity. It is always directed...
Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth00:55

Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth

Newton's second law is closely related to his first law of motion. It mathematically gives the cause-and-effect relationship between force and changes in motion. Newton's second law is quantitative and is used extensively to calculate what happens in situations involving a force. All external forces acting on a system add together to produce a net force Fnet. A larger net external force produces a larger acceleration. This acceleration is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as,...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction
10:36

Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction

Published on: May 20, 2018

地球物質のダイナミック圧縮

T J Ahrens

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 7, 1980
    PubMed
    まとめ
    この要約は機械生成です。

    衝撃波の実験は,地球の物質の相変化を明らかにし,惑星の深い内部のモデルに影響を与えています. これらの発見は,下層マントルと金属外核の組成に関する洞察を提供します.

    さらに関連する動画

    Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests
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    Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests

    Published on: March 7, 2025

    A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System
    10:27

    A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System

    Published on: June 12, 2019

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction
    10:36

    Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction

    Published on: May 20, 2018

    Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests
    05:38

    Production and Analysis of Sporosarcina pasteurii Biocement Bricks Using Custom 3D-Printed Molds for Unconfined Compression Tests

    Published on: March 7, 2025

    A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System
    10:27

    A Uniaxial Compression Experiment with CO2-Bearing Coal Using a Visualized and Constant-Volume Gas-Solid Coupling Test System

    Published on: June 12, 2019

    科学分野:

    • 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
    • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
    • ミネラル物理学 ミネラル物理学

    背景:

    • 衝撃波の技術は,極端な圧力下での材料の性質を研究するために不可欠です.
    • 圧力-密度関係を理解することは,地球の内部の地球物理モデルにとって不可欠です.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 金属,シリケート,酸化物の圧力-密度行動を調査する.
    • 衝撃による相変化が材料の圧縮に及ぼす影響を判断する.
    • 地球の下層マントルと外核の組成を推論する.

    主な方法:

    • 衝撃波実験を用いて高圧状態を生成する.
    • 鉄,ウスティット,酸化カルシウム,フォーステライトなどの地質学的に重要な材料の圧縮行動を分析する.
    • 衝撃波データを解釈して,相変化と密度変化をモデル化します.

    主要な成果:

    • 主要な衝撃誘発の相変化は,主要鉱物の100万バー以下の圧縮動作に大きく影響する.
    • 下層マントルは,オリビンに富んだモデルによって予測されるよりもわずかに高い密度を示している.
    • 外部核の密度は,純粋な鉄よりも約10%低く,より軽い元素の存在を示唆しています.

    結論:

    • 衝撃波のデータは,地球の深い内部の組成に関する重要な制約を提供します.
    • 地球の核には,かなりの量の硫黄 (重量9~12%) や酸素 (重量約8%) が含まれる可能性が高い.
    • これらの発見は,惑星の内部と極端な条件下での物質の振る舞いの地球物理モデルを洗練します.