海の蛇:舌の下にある珍しい塩分腺

W A Dunson, R K Packer, M K Dunson

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 30, 1971

まとめ

海のヘビには,塩分腺として機能する後部下舌腺があり,過剰な塩化ナトリウムを排泄します. この腺は,

科学分野:

マリン・バイオロジーマリン・バイオロジー
比較生理学とは
動物学動物学

背景:

海のヘビは海洋環境に住み,オスモレギュレーションのためのメカニズムを必要とします.
塩腺は,陸上および海洋の爬虫類にとって,電解質バランスを管理するために極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

塩腺として海蛇の後部下舌腺の機能と特徴を調査する.
異なる海蛇の種間の電解質の排泄率と腺の形態を比較する.

主な方法:

言語下腺のヒストロジカルおよび超構造的検査.
ペラミスの血電解質濃度 (ナトリウム,塩化物,カリウム) の分析.
塩化ナトリウムを実験的に投与し,腺分泌率と濃度を測定する.

主要な成果:

後部下舌腺は,塩化ナトリウムに富んだ海水にハイパートニックな液体を分泌する.
ペラミスの血電解質レベルは上昇し,NaCl注射は分泌率と濃度を増加させた.
超構造的な類似性は他の爬虫類の塩腺と存在するが,それらに同型ではない.
ペラミスの舌下腺はより大きく,乳頭よりも高い割合で電解質を分泌する.

結論:

海蛇の後部下舌腺は,オスモレギュレーションのための塩腺として効果的に機能します.
腺の大きさは,ペラミスとラティカウダの比較で見られるように,電解質の排泄能力と相関しています.

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