まとめ
北米の下の海洋性石層の水平沈殿は,ロッキーマウンテン構造とその後の盆地と範囲の拡張を説明する. 有限元素モデリングはこの仮説を支持し,重要な地質学的出来事を予測する.
科学分野:
- 構造地質学と構造地質学
- 地力学とコンピューティングモデリング
背景:
- ロッキーマウンテン構造の形成は,海洋性石層の水平の押し下ろしによるものだと推測されている.
- 古代磁気学と火山学のパターンは,この潜水板の動きと範囲に制約を与える.
研究 の 目的:
- 水平沈殿がララミドオロゲニーと,その後の盆地と範囲の拡張を引き起こしたという仮説を検証するために.
- 有限要素モデリングを用いて北米プレートにおける水平沈殿の熱的および機械的影響を予測する.
主な方法:
- リアルな温度依存のレオロジーと平面層の初期条件を備えた有限要素モデリングを使用した.
- 現在より75~3000万年前の海洋性石層の水平推力シミュレーション.
- ララマイド構造と盆地と範囲の拡張のための地質学的証拠とモデルの予測を比較した.
主要な成果:
- ララマイド構造と関連した水平縮小の位置,量,方向をうまく予測した.
- 下層地殻の大規模な南西から北東への輸送と,メタモルフィックコア複合体とリオ・グランデ・リフトにおけるその後の拡張のタイミングをモデル化した.
- このモデルは,Basin-and-Range スタイル拡張の地理的範囲を考慮しています.
結論:
- モデルの予測は地質学的観測と密接に一致し,水平沈殿がララミド・オロゲニスを引き起こしたという仮説を支持しています.
- 水平潜水は,推力と逆断層の圧縮ストレスを生成し,地殻の厚さを促進しました.
- また,水平沈殿は,石層マントルの剥離によって後の盆地と範囲の拡張を引き起こしたと提案されています.
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