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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods
07:20

Discovery and Synthesis Optimization of Isoreticular Al(III) Phosphonate-Based Metal-Organic Framework Compounds Using High-Throughput Methods

Published on: October 6, 2023

クラウンエーサーの発見

C J Pedersen

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 29, 1988
    PubMed
    まとめ

    クラウンエーテル,マクロサイクリックポリエーテルは,ナトリウムのような複雑なアルカリ金属カチオンに発見されました. これらの化合物は,溶媒中の無機塩の溶解を容易にし,化学応用における有用性を実証しています.

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    Crown Ethers02:36

    Crown Ethers

    Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules take.
    Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

    Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

    Structure and Bonding
    Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
    Classification of Ethers
    Based on their attached substituent groups, ethers can be classified into two...
    Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

    Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

    Overview
    Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
    Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
    In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
    Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides02:23

    Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

    Ethers represent a class of chemical compounds that become more dangerous with prolonged storage because they tend to form explosive peroxides when standing in the air. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly oxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides.
    Physical Properties of Ethers02:17

    Physical Properties of Ethers

    Overview
    An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C–O bonds. Subsequently, boiling points of ethers are lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular weight and slightly higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight (Table 1).
    Ethers can act as hydrogen bond acceptors, making them more water-soluble than hydrocarbons, but since ethers cannot act as hydrogen bond donors, they are much less soluble in water than alcohols. Ethers are considered...
    Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration02:35

    Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration

    Overview
    Ethers can also be prepared from alkenes through acid-catalyzed addition of alcohols and alkoxymercuration–demercuration.
    Preparation of Ethers by Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohol to Alkenes
    The acid-catalyzed addition of alcohol to an alkene involves treating the alkene with an excess of alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ether under suitable conditions. The hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon so that the nucleophile can attack the more substituted...