まとめ
ストラトスフィアのエアロゾールは月食の明るさに影響します. 観測された明るさを理論的モデルと比較すると,El Chichón (1982) からの地球規模のエアロゾール負荷が Agung (1963) と一致することが明らかになる.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 天文学 (astronomy) 天文学 (astronomy) とは,天文学 (astronomy) とは,天文学 (astronomy) とは,天文学 (astronomy) とは
- 火山学 火山学とは
背景:
- 月食は,地球が月の上に影を落とすときに起こります.
- 太陽光は地球の大気圏を通って反射し,日食の間,月を照らします.
- ストラトスフィアのエアロゾールは,月食の間に観測される月の明るさに大きく影響します.
研究 の 目的:
- ストラトスフィアのエアロゾールが月食の明るさに与える影響を定量化するために.
- 月食観測を用いて,地球規模のエアロゾール光学深度を推定する.
- 大規模な火山噴火によるエアロゾール負荷を比較するために.
主な方法:
- 1960年から1982年までの21回の月食の輝度データを分析した.
- 観測された明るさを,エアロゾールのない大気を想定した理論モデルと比較した.
- 全球平均のエアロゾール光学深さの計算.
主要な成果:
- 月食観測から決定された地球規模のエアロゾール光学深度.
- 1982年のエル・チホン噴火のエアロゾール負荷が1963年のアグング噴火と比べられるとわかった.
- 大気光学に対する火山性エアロゾールの有意な影響を実証した.
結論:
- 大規模な火山噴火によるストラトスフィアのエアロゾールは,測定可能で比較可能な世界的な影響を及ぼします.
- 月食の観測は,世界のエアロゾール負荷を監視するための貴重な方法を提供します.
- El ChichónやAgungのような火山の噴火は,地球の大気中の放射性特性を大幅に変化させます.
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