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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
Published on: July 1, 2019
ヴィーナス雲の紫外線吸収器の性質:ヴィーナス先駆者のデータに基づく推論
まとめ
金星の紫外線吸収は,金星で起きている.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学は惑星科学である.
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 天体生物学 アストロバイオロジー
背景:
- ヴィーナス軌道探査機"パイオニア"と探査機によるフォトメトリック測定は,ヴィーナの主要雲の領域における有意な紫外線吸収を明らかにした.
- 雲の上部や最初の光学的な深さではほとんど吸収されない.
研究 の 目的:
- 金星の大気中の紫外線吸収の源を特定するために.
- 観測データに対して,さまざまな提案された雲組成モデルをテストする.
主な方法:
- 金星の大気条件をシミュレートするために,放射伝送計算を行いました.
- シミュレーションは,パイオニア・ベーナスのデータと,地上からのフォトメトリックデータの両方と比較した.
主要な成果:
- 二酸化窒素,隕石物質,揮発性金属を含むモデルは,UV吸収の主な源として排除されました.
- 硫黄粒子 (1〜10マイクロメートル) を使ったモデルは,大きな課題を提示しました.
- 二酸化硫黄ガスを含むモデルは,観察された吸収パターンの説明に有望であった.
結論:
- 二酸化硫黄ガスは,金星の雲で観測された紫外線吸収の候補である可能性が高い.
- 二酸化硫黄のモデルを洗練し,金星の大気化学を完全に理解するためにさらなる研究が必要です.
関連する概念動画
Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview
Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material, molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for electronic transitions. As a result...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems
Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
UV–Vis Spectrometers
The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
UV–Vis Spectrum
When light passes through a substance, a portion of the light is absorbed while the remaining light is reflected or transmitted. If the molecule absorbs light between the wavelengths of 180–400 nm range, the UV spectrum is obtained, and if it absorbs light in the 400–780 nm wavelength range, the visible spectrum is obtained.
The UV–Vis spectrum of a molecule is the plot of its absorbance versus wavelength. The plot is drawn by taking molar absorptivity (ε) or log ε on the y-axis (ordinate)...
The UV–Vis spectrum of a molecule is the plot of its absorbance versus wavelength. The plot is drawn by taking molar absorptivity (ε) or log ε on the y-axis (ordinate)...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules
UV–Visible absorption spectra of conjugated dienes arise from the lowest energy π → π* transitions. The light-absorbing part of the molecule is called the chromophore, and the substituents directly attached to the chromophore are called auxochromes. A strong correlation exists between the absorption maxima, λmax, and the structure of a conjugated π system. The Woodward–Fieser rules predict the value of λmax for a given structure by adding the contributions...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...

