まとめ
古代と近代の方法を組み合わせた耕作なしの農業がますます採用されています. この持続可能な農業の実践は,土壌の侵食とエネルギー使用を大幅に減らし,作物の収穫量を維持または改善します.
科学分野:
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 土壌科学 土壌科学
背景:
- 耕作なしの耕作は,急速に拡大している農業法です.
- 伝統的な農業技術と現代の農業技術を統合しています.
- 2000年までに,米国の耕作面積の推定65%が,耕作なしの耕作を利用する可能性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 耕作なしの農業の環境的,経済的利益を評価する.
- ノー・ティラージを従来のモールドボードの耕作とディスクのシステムと比較するために.
- 土壌侵食,エネルギー投入,作物収穫量への影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 非耕作と従来の耕作システムの比較分析.
- 異なる農業慣行の下での土壌浸食率の評価.
- トウモロコシと大豆の生産のためのエネルギー投入の測定.
- 耕作なしのシステムでの作物の収穫の評価.
主要な成果:
- 耕作なしのシステムでは,土壌浸食は事実上排除されています.
- エネルギー投入は,従来の耕作と比較して,トウモロコシでは7%,大豆では18%減少しています.
- 農作物の収穫量は,大規模な農地で従来の耕作方法と同等またはそれ以上です.
結論:
- 耕作なしの農業は,土壌の侵食を減らすことにより,重要な環境上の利益をもたらします.
- この慣行により,作物生産におけるエネルギー消費量が減少します.
- 耕作なしの耕作は,従来の耕作の実行可能で効果的な代替手段であり,持続可能な農業を支援しています.
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