まとめ
衛星による大気汚染測定 (MAPS) 実験は,宇宙から一酸化炭素のレベルを測定することに成功した. データは,重要な地域における大気中の一酸化炭素の著しいグラデーションを明らかにした.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- リモートセンシングによる遠隔感知
- 環境モニタリング環境モニタリング
背景:
- 一酸化炭素 (CO) は,大気質と気候に影響を与える主要な大気汚染物質です.
- 衛星ベースの測定は,地球規模の大気組成のモニタリングのためのユニークな視点を提供します.
- 以前の衛星ミッションは,CO分布に関する貴重なデータを提供してきました.
研究 の 目的:
- 衛星による大気汚染測定 (MAPS) 実験の性能と精度を,第2回飛行中に評価する.
- 中間トロポスフィア,上層トロポスフィア,下層ストラトスフィアにおける一酸化炭素 (CO) の混合比を測定する.
- 特定の地理的地域におけるCOの緯度および縦度のグラデーションを特定する.
主な方法:
- 4.67マイクロメートルの波長で動作するガスフィルター放射計を使用しました.
- 約35時間のスペースシャトルの第2次飛行中に採られた放射線測定値.
- 38°Nから38°Sまでの緯度帯で,昼と夜の両方の観測を含むデータを収集した.
主要な成果:
- MAPS装置は優れたパフォーマンスを示しました.
- 北大西洋,地中海,中東で中部熱帯圏のCO混合比率の著しいグラデーションが観察されました.
- 測定精度は約15%と判定され,再現率は約5%でした.
結論:
- 衛星ベースの放射線測定は,大気中のCO濃度のモニタリングに有効です.
- MAPS実験は,CO分布とその空間的変動性に関する貴重なデータを提供した.
- この発見は,大気汚染の研究のための衛星遠隔感知の能力を強調しています.
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