関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 12, 2026
10:56
Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
Published on: May 20, 2014
まとめ
液体の振る舞いは,極端な閉じ込め下で劇的に変化し,粘度が向上し,緩やかなリラックスを示します. 薄膜におけるこれらの集団的運動は,塊の性質と大きく異なっており,トライボロジーや膜物理などの領域に影響を与えています.
科学分野:
- 流体力学 流体力学
- 柔らかい物質の物理学
- 表面科学とは,地表科学のことである.
背景:
- 大量液体の性質は,閉じ込められた幾何学における振る舞いを正確に予測することはできません.
- 閉じ込められた液体の理解は,薄膜,多孔性メディア,およびインターフェースを含むアプリケーションに不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 極限制限下で液体の独特のダイナミックな振る舞いを調査するために.
- 変異した粘度,リラックス時間,非線形反応の背後にあるメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 狭い隙間における液体ダイナミクスの理論分析.
- 閉じ込められた流体フローの計算シミュレーション.
- 薄い液体膜に関する実験的研究 (概要では詳細は記載されていません).
主要な成果:
- 大量液体と比較して効果的な切断粘度が向上しました.
- 閉じ込められた幾何学における長期のリラックス時間.
- 非線形フロー応答は,閉じ込めの増大に伴い,より低いシャーレートで観察される.
結論:
- 液体ダイナミクスは,極端な閉じ込め下では,大量で見られない集団的行動を示します.
- 質量特性の単純な抽出は,閉じ込められた液体を理解するには不十分です.
- この発見は,トライボロジー,材料処理,膜物理学の分野にも影響を及ぼします.
さらに関連する動画
10:28Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
Published on: January 3, 2014
11:03An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
関連する概念動画
01:20Characteristics of Fluids
When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
01:31Characteristics of Fluids
Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
02:26Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
01:22Surface Tension of Fluid
Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Surface tension varies with...
02:57Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity
Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
01:28Euler's Equations of Motion
In fluid mechanics, shear stresses arise from viscosity, which represents a fluid's internal resistance to deformation. For low-viscosity fluids, like water, these stresses are minimal, simplifying flow analysis by allowing the fluid to be treated as inviscid, or frictionless. In an inviscid fluid, shear stresses are absent, leaving only normal stresses, which act perpendicularly to fluid elements. Notably, pressure — defined as the negative of the normal stress — remains uniform across...