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関連する概念動画

Rotation of Asymmetric Top01:11

Rotation of Asymmetric Top

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By definition, a spherically symmetric body has the same moment of inertia about any axis passing through its center of mass. This situation changes if there is no spherical symmetry. Since most rigid bodies are not spherically symmetric, these require special treatment.
The relationship between the angular momentum of any rigid body and its angular velocity, both of which are vectors, involves the moment of inertia. The moment of inertia is a scalar quantity only for spherically symmetric...
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Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

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Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving01:20

Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving

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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
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Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

50.5K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.3K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Measurements of Local Instantaneous Convective Heat Transfer in a Pipe - Single and Two-phase Flow
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Measurements of Local Instantaneous Convective Heat Transfer in a Pipe - Single and Two-phase Flow

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非対称な相効果とマントルのコンベクションパターン

M Liu

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 24, 1994
    PubMed
    まとめ

    地球のマントルのスピネル・ペロフスキット相転換は,2000°C以上でクレペイロンの傾きが負から正に変化する. この変化は冷たい下流を阻害するが,熱い羽根が上昇し,部分的に層状のマントルのコンベクションを生成する.

    科学分野:

    • 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
    • ミネラル物理学 ミネラル物理学
    • 地球科学 地球科学 地球科学

    背景:

    • 660キロメートルのマントルの移行地帯は,地球マントルのコンベクションに影響を与える重要なインターフェースです.
    • スピネル-ペロフスキート相変化のクラペイロン傾きは,この境界を越えたマントルの流れの振る舞いを決定する.
    • 以前の研究では,クラペイロンの傾きが負であることを示唆しており,上層マントルと下層マントルの間の相互作用が限られていることを示唆している.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 温度に依存するクラペイロンの斜面がマントルのコンベクションダイナミクスに与える影響を調査する.
    • スピネル-ペロフスキット相変化が,熱い羽根の上昇と冷たいスラブの降下にどのように影響するかを理解する.
    • その結果生じるマントルの流れパターンと層を特徴付けるために.

    主な方法:

    • 高圧実験データと熱力学計算を用いて,クラペイロンの傾きを決定した.
    • 温度に依存する相変遷を組み込むマントルのコンベクションの数値シミュレーションを行う.
    • 結果として生じる流れの構造を分析し,羽根の上昇と下流の振る舞いを含みます.

    主要な成果:

    • スピネル-ペロフスキット移行のクラペイロン傾きは,1700〜2000°C以上の温度で正となる.

    さらに関連する動画

    Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
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    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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    Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
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  • 寒い下流の流れは,これらの条件下で660kmの境界で著しく阻害されます.
  • 熱い羽根は上層マントルに容易に上昇し,部分的に層状で時間に依存するマントルのコンベクションにつながります.
  • マントルの層化は,より高い温度とより高いレイリー数で顕著ではない.

    • 結論:

    • スピネル-ペロフスキット移行の温度に依存するクラペイロンの傾きは,マントルのコンベクションを調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
    • この相の振る舞いは,下層から上層のマントルへ,羽根を通した熱の輸送を容易にする.
    • 地球のマントルは,この相変遷の影響を受けた部分的に層を重ねたコンベクティブ・レジムを示しており,特により熱い地域ではそうである.