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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
Published on: July 1, 2019
火星の上層大気の構成と構造:バイキング飛行の結果の分析
まとめ
火星の上層大気は驚くほど寒く,気温はケルビンの200度以下である. バイキングミッションのデータの分析は,火星の大気中の重要な垂直構造を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学は惑星科学である.
- 大気科学 大気科学
- エアロノミーはエアロノミーです.
背景:
- 惑星の大気の組成と熱的構造を理解することは,比較惑星学にとって極めて重要です.
- 火星の上層大気に関する以前の研究は,温度と拡散プロフィールに関する限られたデータを提供した.
研究 の 目的:
- バイキングミッションからの二酸化炭素,窒素,アルゴン密度を分析し,火星の大気温と渦の拡散プロフィールを決定する.
- 火星の上層大気の垂直構造と熱的特性を120km~200kmの範囲で調査する.
主な方法:
- バイキング1号とバイキング2号からの質量スペクトロメーターデータを活用した.
- 二酸化炭素密度測定から導かれた大気温プロファイル.
- 窒素とアルゴンの密度を用いて計算された渦の拡散係数プロファイル.
- 様々な大気成分についてモデル計算を行いました.
主要な成果:
- 火星の上層大気 (120~200km) の温度に関する高度プロファイルが決定されました.
- 同じ標高範囲内の渦の拡散係数の垂直プロファイルを導出.
- 驚くほど低い平均気温 (<200 K) と,火星上層の大気圏の有意な垂直構造を明らかにした.
- モデルの計算は,一酸化炭素,酸素,酸化窒素の測定濃度と良好な一致を示した.
結論:
- 火星の上層大気は,予想以上に冷たい熱構造を呈しており,垂直的に非常に複雑である.
- バイキングミッションのデータは,火星上層大気の動態と構成に関する貴重な洞察を提供します.
- この発見は,現在の大気モデルを裏付け,火星の大気プロセスのさらなる調査の必要性を強調しています.
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