関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 12, 2026

09:09
Safe Experimentation in Optical Levitation of Charged Droplets Using Remote Labs
Published on: January 10, 2019
まとめ
科学者は,現在,レーザーを用いて,電荷と中性液滴を浮遊させ,制御することができます. この技術は,クラウド物理学,エアロゾール科学,および流体力学研究の進歩に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 物理 物理学 物理学とは
- ケミストリー 化学
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 液滴の浮揚と操作は,様々な物理的,化学的現象を研究するために不可欠です.
- 以前の方法は,粒子の大きさ,レーザーパワー,トラップの深さの制限がありました.
研究 の 目的:
- 液滴の安定した浮揚と操作のためのレーザーベースの技術を開発し,精製する.
- これらの技術をより小さな粒子,より低いレーザーパワー,より深いトラップに拡張します.
主な方法:
- 充電液と中性液滴の安定した浮揚のためにレーザービームを使用します.
- 低レーザーパワー (<1mW) で1ミクロン以下の粒子を操作するための技術を拡張します.
- 粒子重量の10倍以上の力を保持できるより深い光学トラップを実現する.
主要な成果:
- 1-40ミクロン直径の液滴の安定した浮揚と操作が実証されています.
- このテクニックを,レーザーのパワーを減らした微小粒子に成功裏に適用しました.
- より深い罠を開発し,浮遊する粒子を制御する能力を大幅に高めました.
結論:
- 洗練されたレーザーレビテーション技術は,液滴に対する前例のないコントロールを提供します.
- この進歩は,クラウド物理学,エアロゾール科学,流体力学,光学に重大な影響を及ぼします.
- 光,電気場,ガス,その他のドロップとのドロップ相互作用の高精度観測を可能にします.
関連する概念動画
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube
When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
Accelerating Fluids
When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
Surface Tension of Fluid
Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Surface tension varies with...
Momentum And Radiation Pressure
An object absorbing an electromagnetic wave would experience a force in the direction of propagation of the wave. This force occurs because electromagnetic waves contain and transport momentum. The force accounts for the wave's radiation pressure exerted on the object. Maxwell's prediction was confirmed in 1903 by Nichols and Hull by precisely measuring radiation pressures with a torsion balance. The measuring instrument had mirrors suspended from a fiber kept inside a glass container. Nichols...

