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精神的健康がなければ健康はない
Martin Prince1, Vikram Patel, Shekhar Saxena
1King's College London, Centre for Public Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. m.prince@iop.kcl.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 7, 2007
まとめ
精神的健康は,全体的な幸福に不可欠であり,身体的健康と病気の負担に影響を与えます. メンタルヘルスをすべての保健サービスに統合することは,公衆衛生とグローバルな開発目標の達成に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- メンタルヘルス研究 メンタルヘルス研究
背景:
- 神経精神疾患は,世界の疾病負担の14%を占め,主にうつ病や精神病などの慢性疾患によるものです.
- 現在の推定では,精神的健康を身体的健康から隔離し,統合された保健活動を妨げることで,負担を過小評価している可能性があります.
- 精神的健康と身体的健康の相互関係が重要であり,精神的障害は他の病気や怪我のリスクを増大し,その逆も同様である.
研究 の 目的:
- 精神障害による公衆衛生上の負担が過小評価されていることを強調する.
- 精神的健康と身体的健康の不可分性を強調する.
- メンタルヘルスサービスの統合を主流のヘルスケアシステムと政策に提唱する.
主な方法:
- 世界的な疾病負担の推定値のレビュー.
- 精神的および身体的健康状態の双方向関係に関する分析.
- メンタルヘルスケアの提供に対する現在の医療制度のアプローチの検討.
主要な成果:
- 精神障害は,伝染性および非伝染性疾患,および怪我のリスクを大幅に増加させます.
- 精神的および身体的健康状態の共病は,診断,治療,および予後を複雑にします.
- 既存の医療サービスは,精神障害のある個人に不公平に提供され,医療の質が最適でない.
結論:
- 精神的状態と身体的状態の間の深い相互作用のために,精神的健康なしには健康はあり得ない.
- 心理社会的な介入は,伝染性疾患と非伝染性疾患の両方の管理に統合されなければならない.
- 医療制度の強化,特定の精神保健予算の割り当て,およびすべての保健政策に精神保健の意識を統合することは,人口の健康を改善し,世界的な開発目標を達成するために不可欠です.
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