グリーンランドのトゥールでストラトスフィアのNO2とO3の観測
まとめ
北極におけるストラトスフィアのオゾン (O3) と二酸化窒素 (NO2) のレベルは,太陽光と月光を用いて測定された. 極性渦の中心近くでは,より低いO ((3)) とNO ((2) の値が観測され,ダイナミックなプロセスと異質な光化学を示した.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- ストラトスフィアの科学
- 北極環境モニタリング
背景:
- ストラトスフィアのオゾン (O3) と二酸化窒素 (NO2) は,大気中の重要な成分である.
- 極地におけるそれらの変動性を理解することは,気候研究にとって不可欠である.
- 北極の極地渦は,大気の構成と化学に影響を与えます.
研究 の 目的:
- 北極圏の平流圏におけるO (−3) とNO (−2) の全柱濃度を測定する.
- 北極の極地渦がこれらのガス量に及ぼす影響を調査する.
- 北極の冬に異質な光化学の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 分散した太陽光と直接的な月光を用いて測定した.
- スペクトル分析のために2つの波長範囲を使用した.
- 1988年1月29日から2月16日までグリーンランド (76.5°N) のトゥールで観測を行った.
主要な成果:
- 観測されたO ((3) 列は,ドブソン単位325~400の間で変化した.
- 下のO(3) 値は,北極極圏の極性渦の中心に近い値と相関しています.
- NO2レベルは渦の中で最も低く,南極の春のレベルに匹敵する5 x 10^14分子/cm2に達しました.
結論:
- 北極の渦中のダイナミックなプロセスは,O ((3)) のレベルを低下させる可能性があります.
- これらのO ((3)) の変動は,長期の傾向を分析する際に考慮しなければならない.
- 低濃度のNO2は,北極の冬に,南極の条件に似た,異質な光化学が顕著に起きていることを示唆している.
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