バテシアン模倣:色彩パターンの選択的利点

J G Sternburg, G P Waldbauer, M R Jeffords

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 18, 1977

まとめ

ミミクリの研究は,バテシアン理論を裏付けている:食用種を模倣した黄色のは,有毒種を模倣した黒いよりも高い鳥の捕食に直面し,生存の違いを示している.

科学分野:

エコロジーエコロジーエコロジー
進化生物学の進化生物学について
行動生態学行動生態学

背景:

バテシアン模倣は,無害な種が有害な種を模倣するために進化する生存戦略を記述しています.
捕食者-獲物のダイナミクスは,真似複合体の進化を理解する上で極めて重要です.
以前の研究によると,視覚的なヒントは,捕食者が獲物を認識する主な要因であると示唆されています.

研究の目的:

昼間のを用いてバテシアン模倣理論を実験的に検証する.
模倣物 (黄色いモミ) とモデル (有毒なスワローテール) の間の捕食圧差を定量化するために.
肉食動物と獲物の相互作用における視覚的模倣の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

塗装された昼間のの放出と再捕獲を含むフィールド研究.
黄色に塗られたは食用タイガーのスワローテイルを模倣し,黒いは有毒なスワローテイルを模倣した.
捕獲率,生存時間,および翼損傷の分析は,捕食を評価するために使用されました.

主要な成果:

黒い (有毒種を模倣する) は,黄色に塗られたよりも,より高い再捕獲率とより長い生存期間を持っていた.
翼の傷害の分析は,鳥が主要な捕食者であることを示しました.
黄色に塗られたは,より頻繁に,活発に,または持続的な攻撃を大幅に経験しました.

結論:

この研究は,バテスの模倣の理論に強い経験的支持を提供します.
異なる捕食圧は,有毒な種を模倣する効果を検証します.
視覚的模倣は,捕食者と獲物の相互作用における生存率に大きな影響を与えます.

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