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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors
05:16

Flying Insect Detection and Classification with Inexpensive Sensors

Published on: October 15, 2014

周期性サイカダ:音の生産のメカニズム

K H Reid

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |May 28, 1971
    PubMed
    まとめ

    17歳のサイカダは,独特の timpal buckling 機構を通して音を発生します. この過程で,彼らの筋肉は,交配の呼び出しのための迅速で繰り返される音を生成することができます.

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    The Cochlea01:13

    The Cochlea

    The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
    Auditory Pathway01:15

    Auditory Pathway

    Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
    When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
    Hearing01:31

    Hearing

    When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
    Hair Cells01:22

    Hair Cells

    Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
    Anatomy of the Ear01:16

    Anatomy of the Ear

    Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
    Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

    Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

    The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
    The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...