まとめ
政府の研究開発 (R&D) 政策は,学術研究と基礎科学の支援に焦点を当てなければならない. 政策は,特定の産業や市場をターゲットにするのではなく,民間イノベーションを促進し,政府のニーズを満たすべきです.
科学分野:
- 経済政策 経済政策
- 科学・技術研究 科学・技術研究
- イノベーションマネジメント イノベーションマネジメント
背景:
- 効果的な政府の研究開発 (R&D) 政策は,国の産業競争力を高めるために極めて重要です.
- 以前の政策は,しばしば直接的な産業支援に焦点を当てていたが,結果は様々だった.
- R&Dにおける政府の最適な役割を理解することは,継続的な課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 国の産業状態を改善するために,政府の研究開発政策の効果的・非効果的応用を分析する.
- 連邦政府の研究開発政策の策定のための実行可能なガイドラインを提供すること.
- イノベーションにおける政府による直接的介入と間接的介入を区別する.
主な方法:
- 政府のR&Dイニシアチブに適用された政策分析フレームワーク.
- 異なる研究開発政策アプローチの比較研究.
- 産業政策とイノベーション経済学に関する文献レビュー.
主要な成果:
- 産業用R&Dへの直接的な政府の支援は,学術的な研究への支援よりも効果が低い.
- 基本的な科学技術 (サンライズ・サイエンス) に焦点を当てることは,特定のサンライズ・産業や製品をターゲットにすることよりも,よりよい長期的な結果をもたらします.
- 民間イノベーションに有利な環境を作り出すことは,政府の支援を受けるための特定のイノベーションを選択するよりも,より大きな影響を与えます.
- 政府自身のニーズによって推進される開発は,市場のニーズのための開発よりもより適切な役割です.
結論:
- 連邦政府の研究開発政策は,基礎研究と民間イノベーションを支援するエコシステムを優先すべきです.
- 政府のR&D戦略は,市場介入ではなく,科学的進歩と独自の調達ニーズに集中すべきです.
- 業界特有の支援から,より広範な科学・イノベーション能力構築への重点転換が推奨されています.
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