硫化水素酸化は,Solemya reidiidiのミトコンドリアにおける酸化性リン酸化と結びついている
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 1, 1986
まとめ
腸のない貝ソレミヤ・レイディ (Solemya reidi) は,エネルギー生産のために硫化物の酸化を直接利用しています. 動物の組織で発生するこのプロセスは,アデノシン三リン酸 (ATP) の合成を促し,他の硫化物で生活する動物にも同様のメカニズムがあることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- マリン・バイオロジーの海洋生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- シンビオシスの研究
背景:
- ソレムヤ・レイディ (Solemya reidi) は,硫化物豊富な環境に住んでいます.
- には細菌の共生体があり,栄養のために硫黄化合物を酸化すると考えられている.
研究 の 目的:
- ソレムヤ・リーディ (Solemya reidi) の硫化物酸化の最初の段階を調査する.
- クラゲの組織が硫化ガスをエネルギー源として直接利用できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- Solemya reidi.のと足の組織からミトコンドリアを分離した.
- 孤立したミトコンドリアにおける酸化リン酸化 (ATP合成) と結合した硫化酸化の測定.
主要な成果:
- と共生体のない足の組織の両方のミトコンドリアは,ATP合成と結合した硫化物の酸化を示した.
- これは,クラゲ自身の組織による硫化物からの直接的なエネルギー生産を示しています.
結論:
- Solemya reidiは,アデノシン三酸化物 (ATP) の合成のために,硫化物の酸化からのエネルギーを直接利用することができます.
- この能力は,その細菌共生体とは独立しており,共生体を持たない他の硫化物棲息地動物の潜在的なエネルギー戦略を示唆しています.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:30Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, heliobacteria, and...
01:29Microbes and the Sulfur Cycle
Sulfur is a vital element in Earth's biogeochemical systems. It transitions through various inorganic states, including sulfate (SO₄²⁻), elemental sulfur (S⁰), and sulfide (S²⁻). Abiotic and biological mechanisms across oxic and anoxic environments intricately mediate these transformations. Sulfate, the most oxidized form of sulfur, is predominantly stored in rocks, marine sediments, and oceanic waters, acting as a long-term reservoir in the global sulfur cycle.In oxic environments,...
01:15Pyruvate Oxidation
After glycolysis, the charged pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria via active transport and undergo three enzymatic reactions. These reactions ensure that pyruvate can enter the next metabolic pathway so that energy stored in the pyruvate molecules can be harnessed by the cells.
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
01:43Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV
During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
01:20Sulfur Assimilation
Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...
01:41The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane
The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...