まとめ
船舶は,粒子の濃度を増やし,ドロップレットサイズを小さくすることで,浅層の雲を大幅に変化させます. 衛星や航空機で観測されるこれらの船軌跡効果は,雲の反射性を高め,放射能を変化させ,排出が主な原因であることを確認する.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- クラウド物理学 クラウド物理
- リモートセンシング (リモートセンサー)
背景:
- 船は,特に海洋環境では,雲の性質に影響することが知られている.
- 雲の中の船の軌跡のサインは,排気から生じる可視現象である.
研究 の 目的:
- 船舶軌跡雲の微物理的および放射的性質を調査するために.
- 雲の構造と反射性の変化における船舶の排出量の役割を確認する.
主な方法:
- 衛星観測と空中観測を同時に実施した.
- ドロップレットのサイズ,ドロップレットの濃度,船舶の軌跡内の粒子の濃度に関する分析.
- さまざまな波長で上向きの放射力と雲の反射性を測定する.
主要な成果:
- 船舶の軌跡は,隣接する雲と比較して,小滴のサイズが小さくなり,小滴と粒子の濃度が増加したことを示した.
- アップウォーリング放射は,可視波長では増幅されたが,船舶の軌跡内の2.2マイクロメートルでは減少した.
- 雲の反射性は船の軌跡に沿って0.63および3.7マイクロメートルで強化されました.
結論:
- 船舶の排出は,ストラトス雲における観測された船舶の軌跡のシグネチャの主要な要因である.
- 船舶の排出によって引き起こされる微物理的な変化は,雲の放射性特性の重要な変化につながります.
- これらの発見は,人為的なエアロゾールが雲の形成と気候に与える影響を強調しています.
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