まとめ
労働力の変化だけでなく,労働者の需要の減少と雇用主の抵抗の増大により,労働組合化が減少しています. 仕事の満足度や労働組合の給付に対する認識は,この傾向に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 労働経済学 労働経済学
- 労働の社会学 労働の社会学
背景:
- 労働組合参加率は過去10年間で著しく低下しています.
- この減少の要因を理解することは,労働関係と経済政策にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 組合結の劇的な減少の背後にある原因を調査する.
- 構造的な労働力変化と他の要因を区別する.
主な方法:
- 1977年と1984年の調査データの分析.
- 労働力構造と労働者の認識におけるシフトの検討.
主要な成果:
- 労働力の構造的シフトは,組合化減少のほんの一部にすぎません.
- 非組合の労働者は,仕事の満足度が高まり,組合の利益 (賃金,労働条件) が減少したと報告しました.
- 労働組合化に対する雇用者の抵抗は,実質的に増加し,組織化の努力を妨げています.
結論:
- 労働組合への参加の減少は,労働者の需要の減少と雇用主の反対の増大によって引き起こされている.
- 海外と国内 (特に規制解除された分野) の競争の増大が,これらの変化の根底にある可能性が高い.
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