まとめ
ワルツチート炭素に類似する六角形のシリコンは,X線 difraksionを用いて発見されました. この新しいシリコン相は,酸ナトリド反応過程で発生する内部ストレスから生じる.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 固体物理 固体物理学
- クリスタログラフィーです.
背景:
- シリコンは,典型的には立方ダイヤモンド (亜鉛ブレンド) の結晶構造で知られている.
- ウルツジットの結晶構造は,他のグループIVの元素や化合物にも共通しています.
- 以前の研究は,典型的な条件下で六角形のシリコンの存在を広く報告したり確認したりしませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- 以前報告されなかったシリコンの六角形 (ウルトサイト) 段階を特定し,特徴づけること.
- この六角形のシリコン相の形成機構を調査する.
- 相形成における反応誘発のストレスが果たす役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 結晶相を特定するために,X線 difrraction (XRD) 解析を用いた.
- 非反応シリコンを含む反応結合シリコンニトリドのサンプルを検査した.
- 反応条件と相の存在を相関させるため,微細構造分析を行った.
主要な成果:
- 六角形 (ウルチート) シリコン相の存在は,X線微分法で確認されました.
- この六角形のシリコン・フェーズは,反応結合したシリコン・ニトリドのサンプル内で発見されました.
- 六角形相の形成は,窒化反応によって誘発されたストレスと直接関連していた.
結論:
- 六角性 (ウルトサイト) シリコンの存在は実験的に検証されています.
- シリコンのニトリ化中に発生する内部ストレスが,この相の形成に起因する.
- この発見は,シリコンの既知のポリモルフィズムと,特定の反応条件下でのその潜在能力を拡張します.
関連する概念動画
Ionic Crystal Structures
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Unit Cells
A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...
Types of Semiconductors
Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
Metallic Solids
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview
Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...
Network Covalent Solids
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...


