大気物理学と地球観測:グリルスペクトロメーターのサンプル性能
まとめ
スペースラボ1 1
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- スペクトロスコーピーは,スペクトロスコーピーを用います.
- 惑星科学は惑星科学である.
背景:
- 地球の上層大気の組成は,大気中の過程を理解するために非常に重要です.
- 以前の研究では,大気組成を調べるために,さまざまなスペクトロスコピック技術を用いた.
研究 の 目的:
- Spacelab 1のミッション中にグリルスペクトロメーターを使用して大気スペクトル吸収を分析する.
- 熱層,中層,平層の分子種を特定し,特徴づけること.
主な方法:
- Spacelab 1ミッション中にグリルスペクトロメーターを用いた太陽遮蔽測定.
- 異なる高度で18回,太陽の観測を行った.
- 分子種を特定するために大気スペクトル吸収の分析.
主要な成果:
- 以前に記録されていなかった太陽光吸収線が観測された.
- 熱圏 (>85 km) の一酸化炭素と二酸化炭素の観測された大気スペクトル吸収.
- メソスフィア (>50 km) で確認されたオゾン,水,メタン,酸化窒素の吸収.
- 観測された結合分子 NO-NO(2) とHC1-HFのペアは,平流層に存在しています.
- メタンのv(3) バンドのQブランチは,楽器操作を例示するために使用されました.
結論:
- グリルスペクトロメーターは,上層大気組成に関する貴重なデータを提供することに成功した.
- この研究は,地球の大気圏の様々な高度に存在する分子種の理解を拡大した.
- メタンの吸収の詳細な分析を通じて,楽器の能力を実証しました.
関連する概念動画
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
IR Spectrometers
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
UV–Vis Spectrometers
The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...


