関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 11, 2026

11:10
Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Dioxide and a Temperature-dependent Optical Model
Published on: May 23, 2018
まとめ
石炭中のヴァナジウムは主に酸素と結合し,窒素や硫黄と結合しない. 化学的状態は,石炭の液化過程で変化し,洗浄と加工に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- アナリティカル・ケミストリー (Analytical Chemistry) とは
背景:
- 石炭にはバナジウムを含む様々な微量元素が含まれており,その性質や加工に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 石炭中のヴァナジウムの種化を理解することは,液化などの熱的プロセス中にその振る舞いを予測するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 原炭内のヴァナジウムの化学的および構造的環境を決定する.
- 石炭液化プロセス中のバナジウム種の安定性を調査する.
主な方法:
- X線吸収光譜法 (XAS) を用いてバナジウム特異性を分析した.
- 原炭のバナジウム環境と,液化後のサンプルを比較した結果.
主要な成果:
- バナジウムは,炭鉱の少なくとも2つの異なる協調環境で発見され,どちらも酸素結合体を含んでいる.
- 窒素 (ポルフィリン) や硫化物の調整環境でバナジウムが存在した証拠は検出されなかった.
- 観測されたバナジウム環境は,液化プロセス中に変化した.
結論:
- 石炭中のヴァナジウムは,主に酸素を含む構造と関連しています.
- 石炭の液化により,バナジウムの化学的状態が大きく変化します.
- これらの発見は,石炭浄化戦略の最適化と,液化中に微量元素の放出を管理するために重要である.
関連する概念動画
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab
For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

