まとめ
北極極圏の重層圏の化学反応は,南極圏のオゾンホールの状態と類似している. クロアンの増加は,将来の北極のオゾンホールを引き起こし,コラムオゾンで5-8%の損失を招く可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- ストラトスフィアの科学
- オゾン層の研究 オゾン層の研究
背景:
- 南極極圏の極地層は,オゾンホールを経験していることが知られている.
- 北極の極地層は,南極と類似した特徴を共有しています.
- 塩素化合物は,オゾン層の破壊の前駆体である.
研究 の 目的:
- 北極の極の平流圏における化学的過程を調査する.
- 北極におけるオゾン層の消失の可能性を評価する.
- 北極のオゾン層の枯渇における極地平流層の雲の役割を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 北極極の極地平流圏化学の観測.
- 塩素と窒素化合物の反応の分析.
- 極地渦中のオゾン濃度の測定.
主要な成果:
- 北極の極地層の化学反応は南極の条件に似ています.
- 極地層の平流層の雲に対する反応は,利用可能な塩素を活性化形態に変換した.
- 10~15%のオゾン損失は,極地平流層雲のある高さで観察されました.
- 局所的なオゾン損失は5-8%の垂直列の豊富な減少に転じます.
結論:
- 北極圏のオゾン層の減少のメカニズムは,南極圏のオゾン層の穴を引き起こしているメカニズムに似ています.
- ストラトスフィアの塩素の継続的な増加は,北極のオゾンホールを引き起こす可能性があります.
- 将来の北極のオゾン層の健康は,塩素濃度の上昇により懸念されています.
さらに関連する動画
09:38Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
Published on: January 7, 2019
09:06Removal of Exogenous Materials from the Outer Portion of Frozen Cores to Investigate the Ancient Biological Communities Harbored Inside
Published on: July 3, 2016
関連する概念動画
01:46Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
01:29Potential Due to a Polarized Object
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
01:50Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
03:40Hess's Law
There are two ways to determine the amount of heat involved in a chemical change: measure it experimentally, or calculate it from other experimentally determined enthalpy changes. Some reactions are difficult, if not impossible, to investigate and make accurate measurements for experimentally. And even when a reaction is not hard to perform or measure, it is convenient to be able to determine the heat involved in a reaction without having to perform an experiment.
01:27Microbes and Climate Change
Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
02:35Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect
In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.