モザンビークにおける重度の精神的および神経学的障害の流行:人口ベースの調査調査
Vikram Patel1, Ana Paula Ferrao Simbine, Isabel Cristina Soares
1London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. vikram.patel@lshtm.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|September 25, 2007
まとめ
精神病,精神障害,発作障害などの精神的および神経学的障害は,モザンビークの農村部でより一般的です. 投資を増やし,伝統的ヒーラーとの連携を深めることは,これらのサービス不足地域にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- モザンビークの精神的および神経学的健康に関する限られたデータは,政策と投資を妨げています.
- 主要な疾患の有病率を評価することは,標的を絞った介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- モザンビークの都市部と農村部で発作障害,精神病,精神障害の有病率を決定する.
- これらの障害の原因と治療法を理解する.
主な方法:
- ランダムに選択された2739世帯 (1796都市,943農村).
- ケース・ヴィジェットに基づいて障害のある個人を特定するために,キー・インフォマントを利用した.
- 障害の原因,治療,現在の健康状態に関するデータを収集します.
主要な成果:
- 精神病,精神障害,発作障害の生涯流行率が都市環境と田舎環境で高い.
- 精神病の罹患率:農村4.4%対都市1.6%;精神障害:農村1.9%対都市1.3%;発作障害:農村4.0%対都市1.6%
- 精神病や発作障害の原因として頻繁に挙げられる超自然的な原因; ほとんどの場合,従来のヒーラーに相談する; 病気の農村部の人々は,しばしば健康状態が悪い.
結論:
- 精神障害の理解を向上させるためのアドボカシーが緊急に必要である.
- メンタルヘルス資源への投資は,特にモザンビークの農村部では極めて重要です.
- 効果的なケアのために,従来の医療従事者との協力は不可欠です.
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