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ヒストンH3R2におけるアルギニンメチル化は,H3K4トリメチル化の堆積を制御する
Antonis Kirmizis1, Helena Santos-Rosa, Christopher J Penkett
1Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK.
Nature
|September 28, 2007
まとめ
H3R2でのヒストンアルギニンメチル化は,Spp1の認識を阻害することによって,H3K4のトリメチル化を防ぐ. この発見は,染色体構造の修正を通じて遺伝子発現を調節する新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクスと分子生物学
- クロマチンの生物学
- 遺伝子規制 遺伝子規制
背景:
- ヒストンの改変は,クロマチンの構造を通して生物学的プロセスを調節するために不可欠です.
- ヒストンH3ライシン4トリメチル化 (H3K4me3) は,活性遺伝子と関連しています.
- ヒストンH3アルギニン2二メチル化 (H3R2me2a) の機能とゲノム分布は,ほとんど不明のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 発芽酵母 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) のH3R2me2aのゲノム分布と機能を調査する.
- H3R2メチル化とH3K4トリメチル化とのメカニズム的な関係を解明する.
主な方法:
- 特定のH3R2me2a抗体を用いたクロマチンの免疫プレシピテーションオンチップ (ChIP-chip) による.
- 酵母ゲノム全体のH3R2me2a分布の分析.
- Set1メチルトランスフェラーゼによるH3K4トリメチル化に対するH3R2メチル化の影響を評価するための生化学分析.
主要な成果:
- H3R2me2aは,ヘテロクロマチンと不活性なユークロマティック遺伝子に富み,適度に転写された遺伝子の3'端にある.
- H3R2me2aパターンは,H3K4me3.3aと相互に排斥しています.
- H3R2でのメチル化は,Spp1サブユニットを遮断することによって,Set1複合体によるH3K4トリメチル化を防ぐ.
結論:
- H3R2メチル化は,H3K4トリメチル化を阻害することにより,抑制マークとして作用します.
- このメカニズムは,Spp1サブユニットのステリック阻害を伴うため,Set1媒介のH3K4トリメチル化を防ぐ.
- この研究は,クロマチンの調節におけるアルギニンメチル化の役割に関する最初のメカニズム的洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Histone Variants at the Centromere
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

