黄蜂の遺伝子発現は,母子の行動とユーソシアリティとの間の進化的関連性を支持しています
Amy L Toth1, Kranthi Varala, Thomas C Newman
1Department of Entomology and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. amytoth@uiuc.edu
まとめ
ワーカー・ホースの遺伝子発現は,生殖カストではなく,母子のケアに似ています. これは,母親の介護から進化したユーソシアリティが,重要な栄養および生殖遺伝子の経路を含むことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 行動遺伝学 行動遺伝学
- 昆虫の行動 昆虫の行動
背景:
- 生殖能力のない労働者が兄弟姉妹の世話をするという特徴を持つユーソシアリティは,進化論の鍵となるパズルである.
- 主要な仮説は,労働者の行動が母親の介護から生じていることを示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 原始的なユーソシアルのホースポリス (Polistes metricus) の遺伝子発現を調べることによって,ユーソシアルの進化的起源を調査する.
- 労働者の行動が母親の介護から進化したという仮説を検証するために.
主な方法:
- Polistes metricusの脳から補完的なDNA読み取りを生成するために454の配列を活用しました.
- ミツバチの行動に関連した32の遺伝子のオートログを特定し,分析した.
- 労働者,ファウンデレス,クイーン,ジネス間の遺伝子発現パターンを比較した.
主要な成果:
- 作業員におけるワスプの脳遺伝子発現は,クイーンやジーン (非母性ケア) よりも,ファウンデレス (母性ケア) に似ていた.
- 差異的に調節された遺伝子は,インスリンに関連する遺伝子を含んでいた.
- これは,eusocialityの進化における栄養と生殖経路の間のリンクを示しています.
結論:
- この発見は,社会的な昆虫の労働者行動が,母親の介護から進化したという仮説を裏付けている.
- ユーソシアリティの進化は,栄養および生殖の遺伝子調節における重要な変化を伴う可能性が高い.
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