観測された表面湿度の変化を人間の影響と関連付けること
Katharine M Willett1, Nathan P Gillett, Philip D Jones
1Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
Nature
|October 12, 2007
まとめ
人間の活動は,重要な温室効果ガスである大気中の水蒸気を増加させている. 世界的に観測されるこの特定の湿度の上昇は,気温上昇と関連しており,気候に重大な影響を及ぼしています.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 地球科学 地球科学 地球科学
背景:
- 水蒸気は,主要な天然温室効果ガスです.
- 大気中の水蒸気は,地球温暖化とともに増加すると予測されています.
- この増加は,人為的な気候変動に対するフィードバックメカニズムとして機能します.
研究 の 目的:
- 20世紀後半に地表特異湿度の変化の原因を特定し,調査する.
- 特定の湿度における観測された変化を,自然または人間の影響に起因させる.
主な方法:
- 表面湿度のための新しい品質管理および均質化されたグリッド観察データセットを使用しました.
- 比較分析のためのカップリングされた気候モデルからの雇用された出力.
- 20世紀後半の表面特異湿度の変化を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 表面特異湿度の大幅な世界的な増加が確認されました.
- 特定の湿度の増加は,主に人間の影響によるものである.
- 温度の上昇に伴い,相対湿度は上昇したが,相対湿度は一定に留まった.
結論:
- 観測された表面特異湿度の増加の主な要因は,人間の活動である.
- この発見は,人為的な気候変動に対する水蒸気の重要なフィードバックを強調しています.
- 湿度の変化は,降雨,熱帯サイクロン,熱ストレス,そして生物圏に重大な影響を及ぼします.
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