小腸と大腸の幹細胞をマーカー遺伝子Lgr5によって識別する
Nick Barker1, Johan H van Es, Jeroen Kuipers
1Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nature
|October 16, 2007
まとめ
研究者らは,腸の幹細胞のマーカーとしてLgr5 (レウシンに富んだ繰り返しを含むGタンパク質結合受容体5) を特定した. クリプトの基底にあるLgr5陽性細胞は,すべての上皮の系統を生成し,その幹細胞の役割を確認する.
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 腸内皮質は高度に再生可能な組織で,栄養素吸収とバリア機能に不可欠です.
- この継続的な再生を担う特定の幹細胞を特定することは,組織ホメオスタシスと疾患を理解するために不可欠です.
- 以前の研究では,幹細胞がパネス細胞の上の+4位置にあると示唆されていたが,そのアイデンティティは,特に大腸では不明のままだった.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内皮質の幹細胞を特定し,特徴づけること.
- 腸の幹細胞識別におけるLgr5 (レウシンに富んだGタンパク質結合受容体5) の役割を決定する.
- 成人マウスのLgr5発現細胞の微分化可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- Lgr5の表現パターンを研究するためにノックインマウスモデルを使用した.
- 誘導可能なCreノックインアレルとRosa26-lacZレポーター株を用いた系統追跡実験を行いました.
- 様々な成人の組織と癌のサンプルにおけるLgr5発現を分析した.
主要な成果:
- Lgr5の独占的な発現は,腸内密室の底にあるサイクリング柱状細胞で実証されています.
- Lgr5の発現は,他のいくつかの成人の組織の希少な細胞でも観察されました.
- 系統追跡は,Lgr5-陽性暗号基柱状細胞が60日間にわたってすべての腸内表 epithelial 系統を生成することを確認しました.
結論:
- Lgr5は小腸と大腸の幹細胞を標識する.
- Lgr5は,複数の成人の組織における幹細胞のマーカーとして機能し,潜在的に様々ながんのマーカーとして機能する.
- この発見は,腸の幹細胞生物学と関連する疾患の研究に重要なマーカーを提供します.
関連する概念動画
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
3.5K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
3.5K
Adult Stem Cells
34.1K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
34.1K
Histology of the Small Intestine
4.5K
The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
4.5K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.6K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.6K


