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関連する概念動画

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors01:41

Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors

Signal sequences are short amino acid sequences that guide newly synthesized proteins to their proper location within the cell. Classical signal sequences are fifteen to sixty amino acids long and present at the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain. Each signal sequence has a conserved segment of basic residues towards their N terminus, a hydrophobic core, and a C-terminus rich in polar residues. The C-terminus also contains a signal cleavage site and features a -3 -1 sequence motif. The -3-1...
Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye
09:54

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye

Published on: January 12, 2015

ピューリン媒介のシグナリングは,目の発達を誘発する.

Karine Massé1, Surinder Bhamra, Robert Eason

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.

Nature
|October 26, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

ピューリンシグナル伝達は,Xenopus. inの眼野転写因子 (EFTF) を誘発することによって,目の発達を開始します. エクトヌクレオシドトリフォスファートディフォスフォヒドローラゼ2 (E-NTPDase2) とADPシグナリングは,このプロセスにおいて極めて重要です.

科学分野:

  • 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 神経科学は神経科学である.

背景:

  • 目の発達は,眼野転写因子 (EFTF) の保存されたネットワークに依存しています.
  • Pax6のような重要な遺伝子は他のEFTFと相互作用しますが,上流の規制メカニズムは不明です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 眼野転写因子の発現と眼の発達を誘発するピューリンシグナル伝達の役割を調査する.
  • EFTFの表現を制御する上流メカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

  • エクトヌクレオシドトリホスファートディフォスフォヒドローラゼ2 (E-NTPDase2) の過剰発現とノックダウンがXenopus laevis.
  • E-NTPDase2とP2Y1受容体遺伝子の同時にノックダウン.
  • 推定視野におけるATP放出量の測定.

主要な成果:

  • E-NTPDase2の過剰発現に伴い,子宮外眼のような構造とPax6,Rx1,Six3の発現の増加が観察されました.
  • E-NTPDase2のダウンレギュレーションにより,Rx1とPax6の発現が低下し,E-NTPDase2がEFTFの上流に作用することを示す.
  • E-NTPDase2とP2Y1受容体遺伝子の同時ノックダウンにより,目の形成とEFTF発現が完全に防止されました.

さらに関連する動画

Examination of Anatomical Features of Retinal Ganglion Cells Under N-methyl-D-aspartic Acid (NMDA)-induced Excitotoxicity
07:11

Examination of Anatomical Features of Retinal Ganglion Cells Under N-methyl-D-aspartic Acid (NMDA)-induced Excitotoxicity

Published on: September 19, 2025

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye
09:54

Live-imaging of the Drosophila Pupal Eye

Published on: January 12, 2015

Examination of Anatomical Features of Retinal Ganglion Cells Under N-methyl-D-aspartic Acid (NMDA)-induced Excitotoxicity
07:11

Examination of Anatomical Features of Retinal Ganglion Cells Under N-methyl-D-aspartic Acid (NMDA)-induced Excitotoxicity

Published on: September 19, 2025

  • EFTF発現前の推定眼野で,一時的なATP放出が検出されました.

    • 結論:

    • ピューリン媒介シグナル伝達,特にP2Y1受容体に作用するE-NTPDase2によって生成されるADPは,目の発達のための新しいトリガーです.
    • この純エネルギー信号伝達経路は,重要な眼野転写因子の発現を開始します.
    • この発見は,目の発達開始のための保存されたメカニズムを示唆し,マイクロファルミアのようなヒトの遺伝疾患への影響を及ぼします.