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Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism02:37

Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism

Depending upon the different spatial orientation of the substituents, the disubstituted cycloalkanes exhibit two types of stereoisomers. The cis isomers have the substituents on the same side of the ring, whereas the trans isomers have the substituents on the opposite sides. These stereoisomers exhibit different physical properties and cannot be interconverted without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers.
Stereoisomers02:32

Stereoisomers

On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to restricted...
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

スイッチ可能なパラジウム複合体の分子シャトルと,その転移安定の位置性同位体.

James D Crowley1, David A Leigh, Paul J Lusby

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 10, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,パラジウム複合マクロサイクルを特徴とする新しい [2] ロタキサンを設計した. このマクロサイクルは,逆転プロトネーションを使用して,異なるリガンド部位の間を正確に移動することができ,制御された分子スイッチを可能にします.

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Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay
12:31

A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay

Published on: February 28, 2015

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay
12:31

A Method for Selecting Structure-switching Aptamers Applied to a Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Assay

Published on: February 28, 2015

科学分野:

  • 超分子化学 超分子化学
  • 協調化化学について
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学

背景:

  • 分子機械の開発には,部品の動きを正確に制御することが必要です.
  • ロタキサンは,機械的に絡み合った構造があるため,分子機械の有望な候補である.
  • パラジウムコーディネーションコンプレックスは,分子装置にユニークな電子および触媒特性を提供します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 転位可能なパラジウム複合体のマクロサイクルを持つ [2] ロタキサンを設計・合成する.
  • リガンド部位の可逆プロトネーションを使用してマクロサイクル位置の制御を調査する.
  • ロタキサンシステムの異なるココンフォマー状態を特徴づける.

主な方法:

  • パラジウムマクロサイクルと特定のリガンド部位 (4-ジメチラミノピリジンとピリジン) を含む [2]ロタキサンの合成.
  • 構造と純度を確認するために,光譜技術 (例えば,NMR) を使用した特徴付け.
  • マクロサイクルの転位を誘導し,モニターするために制御されたプロトネーション/デプロトネーションを含む運用研究.

主要な成果:

  • ターゲット [2]rotaxane.の成功した合成と特徴づけ.
  • プロトネーションによるリガンド部位間のパラジアム複合体のマクロサイクルの可逆転移の実証.
  • 環境条件下における4つの異なるココンフォマー状態 (プロトネート/中性,安定/メタステーブル) の識別と分離.

結論:

  • 設計された[2]ロタキサンは,制御可能な分子スイッチとして機能します.
  • リバーシブルプロトネーションは,マクロサイクルの動きに有効な外部刺激を提供する.
  • このシステムは,特定のココンフォマー状態の選択と操作を可能にし,先進的な分子装置への道を開く.