イエローストーン・カルデラの加速上昇とマグマの侵入,2004年から2006年
Wu-Lung Chang1, Robert B Smith, Charles Wicks
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. wchang@earth.utah.edu
まとめ
イエローストーン・カルデラは2004年から急速に地層が上昇し,マグマの再充填を示した. GPSとレーダーで測定されたこの地質学的な出来事は,地表の下に火山の壁が広がっていることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- 火山学 火山学とは
- リモートセンシング (リモートセンサー)
背景:
- イエローストーン・カルデラは,地表の有意な変形を示している.
- 以前のインフレ率は,2004年以降に観測されたものよりかなり低かった.
研究 の 目的:
- 2004年以来イエローストーン・カルデラで地層が急激に上昇した原因を調査する.
- 観測された変形の原因となる地下源をモデリングする.
主な方法:
- 精密な地面移動測定のためのグローバルポジショニングシステム (GPS) のデータを使用しました.
- 表面変形をマッピングするために,インターフェロメトリック合成開口レーダー (InSAR) を採用した.
- 変形データを解釈するためにソースモデリング技術を適用した.
主要な成果:
- 観測された土面の上昇率は年間7cmまでで,以前の3倍以上です.
- 火山の天井をモデルにした (約. 1200平方キロメートル) で,深さ10キロメートルで,マグマ室と一致しています.
- マグマの侵入と一致する,推定0.1立方キロメートル/年の源体積増加.
結論:
- 加速した上昇は,主にマグマが地殻のマグマシステムに再充電したことに起因する.
- マグマ質液体の圧縮は,可能性はあるが,可能性は低い要因である.
- この発見は,イエローストーンのマグマ的プロセスと動乱についての重要な洞察を提供します.
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