深層の土壌層における有機炭素の安定性は,新鮮な炭素供給によって制御されます
Sébastien Fontaine1, Sébastien Barot, Pierre Barré
1INRA, UR 874 Agronomie, 234 Avenue du Brézet, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France. fontaine@clermont.inra.fr
Nature
|November 13, 2007
まとめ
土壌の炭素の安定性は,微生物が新鮮な炭素を欠いているときに維持されます. 深層の土壌に新鮮な炭素を加えると,古代の土壌の有機炭素の分解が加速し,気候変動の予測に影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 土壌は膨大な量の炭素を貯蔵し,大気とバイオマスプールを超えています.
- 土壌有機炭素 (SOC) の安定性と気候変動への対応を制御する要因は十分に理解されていません.
- 深い土壌の炭素蓄積は,安定性に関して特に研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 深い土層 (0.6-0.8m) の炭素の安定性を調査する.
- 古代SOCの分解を調節する新鮮な炭素供給の役割を理解する.
- 変化する環境条件下で土壌の炭素動態への影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 土壌有機炭素の物理・化学的特徴.
- 微生物の活動を測定するための土壌インキュベーション実験.
- 放射性炭素年代測定法で土壌の年齢を決定する. 炭素.
主要な成果:
- 新鮮な植物由来の炭素の添加は,深い土壌で2,567年±226年の炭素の微生物分解を刺激しました.
- 新鮮な炭素の投入がない場合,深い土壌の有機炭素の安定性は維持されます.
- 古代の炭素の微生物分解は,不安定な有機物質の継続的な供給に依存しています.
結論:
- 深い土壌の有機炭素の安定性は,微生物のための新鮮な炭素源の限られた利用可能性に依存しています.
- 将来の温暖化は,新鮮な炭素の投入が低いままである場合,古代の深い土壌の炭素を著しく分解しないかもしれません.
- 土地利用の変更や,土壌における新鮮な炭素の分布を増加させる農業慣行は,古代の炭素の損失を大幅に引き起こす可能性があります.
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