アメリカ人が脂肪を少なく食べたら? 死亡率への影響の定量的な見積もり
W S Browner1, J Westenhouse, J A Tice
1Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121.
JAMA
|June 26, 1991
まとめ
食事中の脂肪の摂取量を減らすことで,心臓病や特定の癌による死亡率を大幅に低下させることができます. この食生活の変化は,米国で毎年約42,000人の死亡を予防し,平均寿命を3〜4カ月延長する可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 栄養科学 栄養学 栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- アメリカ人は,毎日摂取するエネルギーの平均37%を脂肪から消費しています.
- 慢性疾患のリスクを減らすために,脂肪の摂取量を30%に制限することを推奨しています.
- ダイエット脂肪は冠動脈疾患や特定の癌と関連しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における死亡率に対する食事中の脂肪摂取量の減少の影響を推定する.
- 冠動脈疾患とがんによる死亡率の潜在的減少を定量化するために.
- 米国の成人の死亡率と平均寿命に対する全体的な影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 飽和脂肪とコレステロールの消費を減らす効果をモデル化.
- 食事中の脂肪の減少に基づく血清コレステロールレベルの変化を推定する.
- 冠動脈疾患および特定の癌の死亡率の変化を予測する.
主要な成果:
- 食事中の脂肪を減らすことで,冠動脈性心疾患の死亡率を5%~20%減らすことができる.
- 脂肪関連のがんによる死亡率の比率的な減少の可能性.
- 推定で,毎年約42,000人の成人の死亡が延期され,2%の減少です.
- 平均寿命が3〜4ヶ月増加する可能性があり,主に65歳以上の人の場合です.
結論:
- 食事中の脂肪の摂取を制限することは,死亡率を低減することにより,公衆衛生に重大な利益をもたらします.
- 主要なメリットは冠動脈疾患と潜在的に癌による死亡率で観察されています.
- 控えめな寿命増加が予測されていますが,コレステロールを低下させる潜在的なリスクは考慮する必要があります.
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