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関連する概念動画

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

遺伝子サイレンシングは,CUTを両方向にカットします.

Nick Proudfoot1, Monika Gullerova

  • 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Rd., OX1 3RE, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. nicholas.proudfoot@path.ox.ac.uk

Cell
|November 21, 2007
PubMed
まとめ

イーストのアンチセンセスのトランスクリプトは,遺伝子サイレンスを引き起こす可能性があります. エクソソームを損なうことによってこれらのトランスクリプトを安定させると,ヒストン脱酸化酵素の徴募につながり,新しい遺伝子調節機構を示しています.

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
  • エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • ユカリオットのゲノムは,アンチセンセスのトランスクリプトと暗号的不安定トランスクリプト (CUT) を含む様々なRNA分子に広範に転写します.
  • これらの非コーディングトランスクリプトの役割と規制は完全に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 遺伝子調節におけるアンチセンセスのトランスクリプトの機能的役割を調査する.
  • アンチセンセスの転写が遺伝子発現に影響を与えるかもしれないメカニズムを決定する.

主な方法:

  • 芽生える酵母 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) をモデル生物として利用する.
  • エクソソーム複合体を損なうテクニックを採用し,それ以外の不安定なトランスクリプトの安定化につながります.
  • 安定したアンチセンセスのトランスクリプトに反応するヒストン脱酸化酵素 (HDAC) の徴募を分析する.

主要な成果:

  • 安定したアンチセンセスのトランスクリプトが酵母における遺伝子静止を媒介することが示された.
  • この遺伝子サイレンシングは,ヒストン脱酸化酵素の募集によって,遺伝子の位置をターゲットにすることを示した.
  • エクソソーム障害が,制御機能のためのアンチセンセスのトランスクリプトを安定させるための鍵であることを示す証拠を提供した.

さらに関連する動画

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
10:28

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)

Published on: May 5, 2023

Dissection of Enhancer Function Using Multiplex CRISPR-based Enhancer Interference in Cell Lines
10:46

Dissection of Enhancer Function Using Multiplex CRISPR-based Enhancer Interference in Cell Lines

Published on: June 2, 2018

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
10:28

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)

Published on: May 5, 2023

Dissection of Enhancer Function Using Multiplex CRISPR-based Enhancer Interference in Cell Lines
10:46

Dissection of Enhancer Function Using Multiplex CRISPR-based Enhancer Interference in Cell Lines

Published on: June 2, 2018

結論:

  • アンチセンセスのトランスクリプトは,安定化すると,遺伝子の静止の強力な媒介者として作用することができます.
  • ヒストン脱酸化酵素の募集は,反感覚媒介遺伝子静止経路の重要な構成要素です.
  • この研究は,非コーディングRNAと表遺伝的改変を含む新しい遺伝子調節層を明らかにしています.