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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
Published on: March 30, 2017
プラズマウェークを通して金星からのイオンの損失です
S Barabash1, A Fedorov, J J Sauvaud
1Swedish Institute of Space Physics, S-98128 Kiruna, Sweden. stas@irf.se
Nature
|November 30, 2007
まとめ
金星は大気圏の脱出により,かなりの量の水を失っている. ヴィーナス・エクスプレスのデータは,酸素と水素イオンが脱出していることを明らかにし,地球の歴史上,かなりの量の水の損失を示しています.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学 惑星科学
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 天体生物学 アストロバイオロジー
背景:
- ヴィーナスと地球は,おそらく同様の水の在庫で始まった.
- 金星は,地球よりもはるかに高いデウテリウムと水素の比率を示しており,大気の進化が著しいことを示唆しています.
- 現在の熱脱出率は低いが,非熱脱出メカニズムは活発である.
研究 の 目的:
- 金星の大気から脱出する支配的なイオンを決定する.
- 主要な大気圏の種の脱出率と比率を定量化するために.
- 金星の大気汚染を誘発するメカニズムを理解するためです.
主な方法:
- 脱出イオンを分析するために,ヴェーナス・エクスプレスによる測定を活用した.
- O+,He+,H+を含む脱出イオンが特定されました.
- プラズマシートと誘導磁気圏の境界層を通る逃亡経路の決定.
主要な成果:
- 主要な脱出イオンとしてO+,He+,H+を特定した.
- 測定された脱出率の比率: Q ((H+) / Q ((O+) = 1.9 と Q ((He+) / Q ((O+) = 0.07.
- H+とO+の脱出率と中性脱出率を組み合わせると,水のステキオメトリック比率に近づくことが観察されました.
結論:
- 金星は,その歴史を通じて,かなりの水の損失を経験してきました.
- イオン脱出メカニズムは,金星の大気進化において重要な役割を果たしています.
- 現在の脱出率は,水のステキオメトリック比率と一致する継続的な水損失を示唆しています.
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