イタリアにおけるチクングンヤウイルス感染:温帯地域でのアウトブレイク
G Rezza1, L Nicoletti, R Angelini
1Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 7, 2007
まとめ
チクングンヤウイルス (CHIKV) はイタリアで予期せぬ流行を引き起こしました. この蚊媒介の病気は,世界的な感染症対策の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- チクングンヤウイルス (CHIKV) の流行は,インド洋と亜大陸で発生しています.
- CHIKVはAedes spp. mosquitoによって感染する.
- イタリア北東部で発生が報告されました.
研究 の 目的:
- イタリアで発症した熱病の発生を調査する.
- 病原体の発生源と伝播を特定する.
- チクングンヤウイルスに対する積極的な監視を実施する.
主な方法:
- 疫病発生調査と積極的な監視を実施しました.
- 発熱と関節痛によって定義された臨床症例.
- PCRと血清学を用いてヒトと蚊のサンプルを分析した.
- CHIKV E1領域の系統遺伝分析を行いました.
主要な成果:
- チクンギュンヤウイルス (CHIKV) が流行の原因であると確認されました.
- 2007年7月から9月までの間に205件のCHIKV感染症例が確認された.
- 系統遺伝学的分析は,イタリアの菌株とインド洋の菌株を結びつけました.
- ほとんどの症例で軽度の疾患が観察され,1人の死亡が確認されました.
結論:
- 非熱帯地域でのCHIKVの発生は予想外でした.
- 新興感染症に対する備えの必要性を強調する.
- 病気の伝染における世界的な相互接続性を強調する.
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