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慢性疾患の予防:行動への呼びかけ
Robert Beaglehole1, Shah Ebrahim, Srinath Reddy
1University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. r.beaglehole@auckland.ac.nz
Lancet (London, England)
|December 8, 2007
まとめ
慢性疾患の予防と制御は,達成可能であり,費用対効果が高い. グローバルな取り組みによって,何百万もの死者を回避し,大きな経済的利益をもたらすことができれば,世界規模で協調的な対応が求められます.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 非伝染性疾患とは
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
背景:
- 心血管疾患,癌,呼吸器疾患,糖尿病などの慢性疾患は,世界的に死亡と障害の主要な原因となっています.
- これらの状態は,世界の保健議題でしばしば無視され,深刻な経済的影響のために過小評価されています.
- 慢性疾患の治療は,開発と世界保健目標の達成に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性疾患の予防と管理に関する世界的な目標が達成可能で費用対効果が高いという証拠を提供すること.
- 標的を絞った介入を通じて,何百万人もの死者を回避し,大きな経済的利益を達成する可能性を強調する.
- 慢性疾患の予防と制御のための持続的な世界的な努力を求め,保健システムの強化と統合する.
主な方法:
- 慢性疾患の予防と制御のための既存の介入のレビュー.
- 集団全体および高リスクの個人に対する介入の費用対効果の分析.
- 世界的な慢性疾患の目標を達成することに関連する経済的利益の検討.
主要な成果:
- 慢性疾患の予防と制御に関する世界的な目標は,既存の介入によって達成可能である.
- 集団やリスクの高い個人を対象とした少数の介入が効果的になる可能性があります.
- 23の低,中所得国における介入の推定年間費用は,約58億米ドル (2005年) である.
結論:
- 慢性疾患の予防と管理に関する世界的な目標を達成することは現実的であり,2015年までに3600万人の死亡を回避することができます.
- 慢性疾患の負担を管理するために,費用対効果の高い介入が存在し,実施することができます.
- 慢性疾患の予防と制御のために,複数のステークホルダーを含む持続的な,世界的な努力が緊急に必要とされています.
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