社会的に恵まれない幼い子供の認知回復:ブカレスト早期介入プロジェクト
Charles A Nelson1, Charles H Zeanah, Nathan A Fox
1Harvard Medical School and Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
まとめ
施設に収容された子どもたちは,認知能力の発達が劣っていた. 早期に里親に配置されることで,特に幼い子供たちの認知能力が著しく改善され,家族環境の利点が強調されました.
科学分野:
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- 児童福祉に関する研究
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
背景:
- 早期の施設化が子供の発達に悪影響を及ぼす可能性があります.
- 施設の介護と寄託の介護の影響を理解することは,子どもの福祉にとって極めて重要です.
- 認知発達に敏感な時期を特定することは,効果的な介入の鍵です.
研究 の 目的:
- 施設の介護と寄養の介護における放棄された子供の認知発達を比較する.
- 早期制度化に関連した長期的認知的結果を調査する.
- 環境の変化に反応する認知発達に敏感な時期があるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化制御試験の設計が採用されました.
- 参加者は,施設の介護や寄養家庭にランダムに割り当てられた放棄された子供でした.
- 認知の発達は54ヶ月までの年齢まで評価された.
主要な成果:
- 施設に残された子どもたちは,認知能力が著しく低下していた.
- 里親に移された子どもたちは,施設にいる子どもと比較して,認知能力の発達が向上したことを示した.
- 最も顕著な認知能力の向上は,里親に託された最年少の子どもで観察されました.
結論:
- 早期入院は,認知発達に有害な影響を及ぼします.
- 養育施設の配置は,放棄された子供の認知発達に重大な利点をもたらします.
- 結果は,認知発達にとって敏感な期間を示唆し,家族ベースの適時配置の重要性を強調しています.
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